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Our military establishment today bears little relation to that known by any of my predecessors in peacetime ... We have been compelled to create a permanent armaments industry of vast proportions ... Three and a half million men and women are directly engaged in the defense establishment. We annually spend on military security more than the net income of all corporations. This conjunction of an immense military establishment and a large arms industry is new in the American experience. The total influence - economic, political, even spiritual - is felt in every city, every state house, every office of the federal government. In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex. The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist. We must never let the weight of this combination endanger our liberties or democratic process. - President Dwight D. Eisenhower's farewell speech, January 17, 1961