Cities where people are putting down their roots

Governing - To gauge how deeply rooted residents are in their communities, Governing reviewed the following measures from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey for cities with populations of at least 100,000:

• Housing Longevity: Percentage of occupied housing units where the householder moved in before 2000
• Natives: Percentage of city residents who were born in-state
• Recent Migration: Percentage of city residents who haven't moved in from outside the county within the previous year.

The following 20 cities ranked highest across the three indicators, suggesting high concentrations of residents with strong local ties: Akron, Ohio, Birmingham, Ala., Cleveland, Detroit, East Los Angeles, Calif., Flint, Mich., Fort Wayne, Ind., Green Bay, Wis., Huntington Beach, Calif., Independence, Mo., Jackson, Miss., Miami Gardens, Fla., Mobile, Ala., Norwalk, Calif., Philadelphia, Rialto, Calif., Rockford, Ill., Toledo, Ohio, West Covina, Calif., and Yonkers, N.Y.